Early Empires

African Empires - A timeline from 1st - 15th centuries AD/CE, from Central Oregon Community College.

Axum - Brief history of Axum and the Aksumites, located in the Ethiopian highlands near the Red Sea.

Great Zimbabwe - Information about the ruins of Great Zimbabwe, as well as rock painting dating back 30,000 years.

Great Zimbabwe - Description of the lost civilization of Great Zimbabwe, east of the Kalahari Desert, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers.

The Mwenemutapa (Great Zimbabwe) - Overview of one of the first of the centralized states in southeastern Africa and part of the Bantu-speaking culture.

Songhay - Brief discussion of the Songhay people at Civilizations in Africa.

The Swahili Kingdoms - Short discussion of Swahili civilizations at Civilizations in Africa.